Preparing formula with less plastic

Always follow the NHS guidance for making up formula, including using water at 70°C or hotter to kill harmful bacteria. To cut plastic, do the hot mixing in a glass or steel container, not a plastic bottle.

Don't skip the safety steps

The NHS advises making up formula with water that has been boiled and left for no more than 30 minutes, so it's still at least 70°C. This kills harmful bacteria that can be present in powdered formula. Nothing in this guide replaces that advice.

Where plastic comes in

A 2020 study found that polypropylene feeding bottles released microplastics when formula was prepared with hot water and shaken in the bottle. Heat and shaking are exactly what the safety steps require, so the fix is to change the container, not the steps.

Lower-plastic ways to prepare

• Use a glass or stainless steel bottle and follow the NHS steps as normal.
• Or mix in glass first: make up the formula in a sterilised glass or steel jug with water at 70°C or hotter, cool it, then pour it into the baby's bottle.
• Use a glass or steel kettle so the water isn't boiled in plastic.
• Replace plastic bottles that are scratched or cloudy.

If you're unsure

Speak to your health visitor, midwife or GP. They can advise on safe preparation for your baby.

This guide is general information, not medical advice.